Diesel Turbocharger proper use and maintenance

Diesel engine is mainly adopts gas turbocharged methods to improve its effective power. The turbocharger offset some of the natural aspirated engines congenital deficiency, not changing the cylinder diesel engine volume of cases greatly improve output power, so many engineering machinery had adopted the same turbocharged diesel enginetechnology to improve the output power, enhancing the quality of engine power than the high performance, realize the machine

1, turbocharger composition and function

Diesel engine cylinder by fuel burning in the energy input by fuel and air inhaled cylinders's limited amount of the power generated by also restricted, if the performance of the diesel engine is already at its best, add the output power can only through compressed more air into the cylinder to increase fuel, increase the combustion doing work ability. In the present technical conditions, turbochargers is the only one who can make the diesel engine in work efficiency under the condition of invariable increase the output power of mechanical device.

Turbocharged diesel turbochargers is the key parts, can increase the diesel engine power output by 20% ~ 30% and reduce fuel consumption, 8%, exhaust 25% ~ 50% FSN reduce the harmful poisonous gas, waste gas content is also significantly decrease. So in engineering machinery for daily use, paying attention to turbocharger proper use and maintenance to reduce the cost, reduce energy consumption and environmental protection to have the important meaning.

Turbochargers is actually a kind of air compressor, through the compressed air to increase the subsystem, and it mainly consists of turbine and compressor two parts. Turbine room inlet and exhaust manifold are linked together, then in the vent exhaust;Compressor with the inlet air filter, vent pipe connected up in intake manifold; Turbine impeller and compressor impeller are installed in turbine room and the supercharger inside, both coaxial rigid connection.

The turbocharger use diesel emissions inertial impact to drive the turbine indoor turbine, turbine and drive coaxial impeller, impeller press send brought by the air filter pipe, air pressurization into cylinder. When diesel engine speed, the waste gas discharge added fast speed and turbine speed increasing quickly, the impeller and synchronization is compressed more air into the cylinder, air pressure and density increases can burn more fuel, a corresponding increase in fuel and adjust the diesel engine speed, then increase the output power of diesel engine.

2, common fault analysis

The turbocharger installed in diesel engine exhaust manifold, at high temperature and high pressure and high speed running work condition, the working environment is very bad, work requirement and is hard, in use prone to failure. After the failure of the general expression for the power diesel drops greatly, and smoke when blue smoke and oil consumption is overmuch, supercharger abnormal voice, large noise. The main cause of fault for bad lubrication, foreign material into the and accumulation, fatigue damage.

(1) bad lubrication

Refers to the supercharger impeller and turbines in turbine compressor rotor shaft bearing not good lubrication, and rotor shaft and bearing damage, the supercharger doesn't work. Bad lubrication mainly by lubricating oil shortage, lubricating oil pipeline leak and caused fluid oil.to. 

(2) foreign material into and accumulation

Refers to the inlet pipe in dirt and exhaust duct microactivity, the accumulation of dust, sundry etc, if intake pipe air filter long-term replacement in the intake manifold, compressor impeller, and other long term not cleaning will produce coke, making intake resistance increases, the same turbine turbine and nozzle ring microactivity, also can produce adverse consequences. In addition, the exhaust system within the leak will also affect the normal work of the supercharger.